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Feyerabend - Philosophy, Science and Society
von: John Preston
Polity, 2018
ISBN: 9780745678023 , 248 Seiten
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: DRM
Preis: 19,99 EUR
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Title Page
3
Copyright
6
Contents
9
Preface
13
Acknowledgements
15
Note on References
16
Introduction: Feyerabend’s Life and Work
17
1 Philosophy and the Aim of Science
25
1.1 Scientific and Analytical Philosophy
25
1.2 The Third-Person Approach to Epistemology
27
1.3 Feyerabend’s Project: A ‘Model for the Acquisition of Knowledge’
29
1.4 Normative Epistemology, and Falsificationism
30
1.5 Inductive Scepticism
34
1.6 The Ethical Basis of Philosophy
36
2 Meaning: The Attack on Positivism
39
2.1 Wittgenstein’s Conception of Meaning
39
2.2 The Contextual Theory of Meaning
41
2.3 The Contextual Theory of Meaning and Scientific Realism
46
2.4 The Positivist/Realist Dispute
46
2.5 Positivistic Theories of Meaning
50
2.6 Feyerabend’s Attack on the Stability-Thesis
52
3 Theories of Observation
56
3.1 The Theory-Ladenness of Observation-Statements
56
3.2 Feyerabend’s Pragmatic Theory of Observation
61
3.3 Radical Conceptual Change
66
3.4 Humans as Measuring Instruments
68
3.5 The ’Problem of Theoretical Entities’
70
3.6 The Critique of Sense-Datum Epistemologies
74
4 Scientific Realism and Instrumentalism
77
4.1 Feyerabend’s Scientific Realism
77
4.2 Instrumentalism
79
4.3 Astronomical Instrumentalism
82
4.4 Quantum Instrumentalism
83
4.5 Musgrave on Feyerabend’s Defence of Instrumentalism
85
4.6 Feyerabend’s Attack on Instrumentalism
86
5 Theoretical Monism
90
5.1 The Myth Predicament
90
5.2 Nagel on Science and Reduction
96
5.3 Feyerabend’s Anti-Reductionism
103
5.4 Kuhn’s Historical Case for Paradigm-Monism
104
5.5 Kuhn’s Functional Arguments
109
6 Incommensurability
115
6.1 The Condition of Meaning Invariance
115
6.2 The Thesis of Incommensurability
118
6.3 ‘On the “Meaning” of Scientific Terms’
120
6.4 The Desirability of Incommensurability
128
6.5 Comparing Incommensurable Theories
131
7 Theoretical Pluralism
140
7.1 The Orthodox Test Model and the Autonomy Principle
140
7.2 The Case of the Brownian Motion
142
7.3 The Generalized Refutation Schema
146
7.4 A New Conception of Empirical Content?
148
7.5 Pluralistic Methodology
152
7.6 Which Principle of Proliferation?
155
8 Materialism
158
8.1 Super-Realism
158
8.2 Science and Material-Object Concepts
161
8.3 Reductive Materialism
166
8.4 Eliminative Materialism
169
8.5 ‘Folk Psychology'
179
9 Science without Method
185
9.1 ‘The Stinkbomb’
185
9.2 Epistetnological Anarchism
186
9.3 Deductivism and Inductive Methodological Rules
190
9.4 Popper’s Methodological Anarchism
193
9.5 the Linguistic Relativity Principle
197
9.6 The Anthropological Method
202
10 Relativism, Rationalism and a Free Society
207
10.1 Truth, and other Epistemic Ideals
207
10.2 Rationalism vs. Relativism
209
10.3 Idealism, Naturalism, Interactionism
212
10.4 ‘Democratic Relativism’
216
10.5 The Problem of the Excellence of Science
220
10.6 Science and Society
223
10.7 Conclusion
225
Notes
228
Bibliography
239
Index
247